Inheritance and Its Types in Python

Inheritance:

    A mechanism in object-oriented programming where one class inherits the attributes and methods of another class.

Types of inheritance:

1. Single Inheritance
2. Multiple Inheritance
3. Multilevel Inheritance
4. Hierarchical Inheritance
5. Hybrid Inheritance

1. Single Inheritance:

    When a class inherits from only one parent class.

Program:

class Parent():
    def greet(self):
        print("Hello from Parent!")

class Daughter(Parent):
    def play(self):
        print("Daughter is playing")

daughter = Daughter()
daughter.greet()  # Inherited from Parent class
daughter.play()   # Defined in Daughter class

Output:

Hello from Parent!
Daughter is playing

2. Multiple Inheritance:

    When a class inherits from more than one parent class.

Program:

class Father:
    def car(self):
        print("Father's car")

class Mother:
    def cooking(self):
        print("Mother cooking")

class Daughter(Father, Mother):
    def bike(self):
        print("Daughter's bike")

Rathna = Daughter()
Rathna.car()      # From Father class
Rathna.cooking()  # From Mother class
Rathna.bike()     # From Daughter class

Output:

Father's car
Mother cooking
Daughter's bike

3. Multilevel Inheritance:

    When a class inherits from a parent class, and that parent class is also inherited by another class.

Program:

class Grandpa():
    def House(self):
        print("Grandpa's House")

class Father(Grandpa):
    def bike(self):
        print("Father's bike")

class Daughter(Father):
    def scooty(self):
        print("Daughter's scooty")

Rathna = Daughter()
Rathna.bike()  # Calls Father class method
Rathna.House() # Calls Grandpa class method

Output:

Father's bike
Grandpa's House

4. Hierarchical Inheritance:

    When multiple classes inherit from a single parent class.

Program:

class Father():
    def Money(self):
        print("Father's money")

class Son(Father):
    def game(self):
        print("Son playing game")

class Daughter(Father):
    def bike(self):
        print("Daughter's bike")

S = Son()
S.Money()  # Inherited from Father
S.game()   # Defined in Son

D = Daughter()
D.Money()  # Inherited from Father
D.bike()   # Defined in Daughter

Output:

Father's money
Son playing game
Father's money
Daughter's bike